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NEET MCQs On Plant Growth and Development

DEEKSHA September 09, 2025

Plant Growth and Development – NEET Notes with MCQs & Concept Explanations Class 11 Biology | NCERT Chapter 15 | NEET 2025 Preparation

Because they continue to grow for as long as they are alive, plants are intriguing. Because they have meristems, which are unique tissues that divide throughout life, plants continue to grow in contrast to mammals, who have a set growth phase.
NEET MCQs On Plant Growth and Development


NEET MCQs with Concept Explanations

Q1. Growth in plants is:
A) Determinate
B) Indeterminate 
C) Reversible
D) Temporary
Answer : B) Indeterminate 
Concept Explanation: Plants have meristems that allow continuous, indeterminate growth.

Q2. The S-shaped curve of growth is also called:
A) Linear curve
B) Sigmoid curve 
C) Arithmetic curve
D) Exponential curve
Answer : B) Sigmoid curve 
Concept Explanation : Growth shows lag → log → stationary → forming sigmoid curve.

Q3. The hormone responsible for apical dominance is:
A) Gibberellin
B) Auxin 
C) Cytokinin
D) ABA
Answer : B) Auxin 
Concept Explanation : Auxin at shoot tip suppresses lateral bud growth = apical dominance.

Q4. Which plant hormone is called the stress hormone?
A) Gibberellin
B) Ethylene
C) ABA 
D) Cytokinin
Answer : C) ABA 
Concept Explanation : ABA helps plants survive stress (drought, salinity).

Q5. The term ‘dedifferentiation’ refers to:
A) Conversion of meristem to permanent tissue
B) Permanent tissue becoming meristematic 
C) Redifferentiation of cells
D) Differentiation of xylem
Answer : B) Permanent tissue becoming meristematic 
Concept Explanation : Mature cells (e.g., parenchyma) → regain division ability → cambium.

Q6. Bolting in plants is caused by:
A) Auxin
B) Cytokinin
C) Gibberellin 
D) ABA
Answer : C) Gibberellin
Concept Explanation : GA promotes rapid internode elongation → bolting (onion, cabbage).

Q7. Which plant hormone is a gas?
A) Cytokinin
B) Ethylene 
C) ABA
D) Auxin
Answer : B) Ethylene
Concept Explanation : Ethylene = gaseous hormone, responsible for fruit ripening.

Q8. Short-day plants require:
A) More than 12 hrs light
B) Less than 12 hrs light 
C) Equal day and night
D) No light
Answer : B) Less than 12 hrs light
Concept Explanation : Rice, Chrysanthemum → flower when day length <12 hrs.

Q9. Vernalisation helps in:
A) Breaking seed dormancy
B) Cold-induced flowering 
C) Fruit ripening
D) Seed germination
Answer : B) Cold-induced flowering
Concept Explanation : Cold treatment before flowering (wheat, sugar beet).

Q10. Cytokinins are mainly synthesized in:
A) Shoot apex
B) Root tips 
C) Leaves
D) Fruits
Answer : B) Root tips
Concept Explanation : Cytokinins originate in roots, travel upward, promote shoot growth.

Q11. Which of the following is NOT a growth regulator?
A) Auxin
B) Gibberellin
C) Chlorophyll 
D) Ethylene
Answer : C) Chlorophyll 
Concept Explanation : Chlorophyll is pigment, not hormone.

Q12. ABA promotes:
A) Flowering
B) Senescence 
C) Stem elongation
D) Fruit set
Answer : B) Senescence
Concept Explanation : ABA = aging, senescence, abscission.

Q13. Which phase of growth shows maximum growth rate?
A) Lag phase
B) Log phase 
C) Stationary phase
D) Decline phase
Answer : B) Log phase
Concept Explanation : Log/exponential = steep slope, fastest growth.

Q14. Parthenocarpy (seedless fruit formation) is induced by:
A) Gibberellins 
B) Cytokinins
C) ABA
D) Ethylene
Answer : A) Gibberellins 
Concept Explanation : GA induces seedless fruits (banana).

Q15. Day-neutral plants:
A) Do not require photoperiod 
B) Need long days
C) Need short days
D) Need vernalisation
Answer : A) Do not require photoperiod 
Concept Explanation : Tomato, cotton flower irrespective of day length.

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